Windlass mechanics is an engineering concept that has been used for thousands of years to help move heavy loads. In the foot, windlass mechanics are absolutely essential for correct foot function – and the principle remains simple, and true to its engineering roots.
The Windlass Mechanism is the coordinated action of the layers of muscle, tendon, ligament and bony architecture, to maintain arch height and foot rigidity. Without correct windlass function, the foot will not act as an efficient lever, and an effective push off power cannot be achieved. There is also evidence in scientific literature, that a delay or absence of the onset of the windlass mechanism may play an important role in the incidence of some injuries.
This movie demonstrates the concept nicely. As the big toe moves upwards, or…. dorsiflexes, the plantar fascia is drawn tightly around the big toe joint, developing tension. This tension within the plantar fascia packs all the joints of the foot tightly together, and converts the foot to a rigid structure, in preparation for the forward thrust of propulsion. This increased foot rigidity is reflected by the increase in arch height, as the forefoot is drawn down and closer to the rearfoot. It is very important to understand that for windlass to function properly, the 1st metatarsal must be allowed to plantarflex. This is very important in relation to shoe design. |
